Psychological readiness of the child for school is an integral system characteristic of the processes of the mental and intellectual-volitional complex of the development of neoplasms in the child’s personality. The level of categories included in the concept of readiness should satisfy the need for successfully following the prescribed norms of a new lifestyle associated with the socialization processes in the newfound peer group, as well as fulfilling the norms and duties imposed on students.
The natural formation of a child’s psychological readiness for school occurs due to the development of mental properties and a change in the direction of the leading activity, which changes its orientation by the age of seven. So one of the important acquired formations is to establish their own position regarding interaction with others – the child, through the game, experiments with various patterns of behavior and tries to grasp not only suitable for himself, but also understand the social structure of the world. Also, thanks to the play activity, social rules are mastered in a flexible way – the child can independently understand whether the loads of the corresponding reality require him, and can get away from fulfilling certain norms, gaining knowledge about workarounds.
At the proper level of development, thanks to the practice of various constructions, drawing and modeling, the processes of behavior control become available, a planning function appears, rather than following minute impulses. The availability of effective adaptation to schooling depends on several components: physiological readiness (state of somatic development of the body and level of health), social readiness (ability to build new relationships, enter into other rules of interaction and navigate in a social situation), psychological readiness (features of mental neoplasms and development of mental processes). These categories cannot be considered separately, since the level of education can influence attention, and somatic factors determine the characteristics of behavioral manifestations.
Preparation for schooling should be done at many levels, taking into account the development of the listed parameters. Knowing the features of their child, enlisting the support of teachers and educators, parents can do everything to adapt it as quickly and easily as possible. This is especially effective in kindergarten developmental activities and in special development groups. Children who are homeschooling or who often miss a preschool institution due to illness or other causes are often maladjusted due to the substantial difference in home society and the requirements of general education.
